International Business. Crises and Exchange rate Essay

International Business. Crises and Exchange rate - Essay Example Even if there is no monetary agency, a government can create an inflation/debt crisis by excessive spending financed by domestic and international borrowing. Mutatis mutandis, the same considerations apply to a central bank that has the same degree of strictness as the currency board. (Betts, C. and Devereux, M, 2000) Second, world securities markets might crash as, for example, in October 1987 or in the October 1989 mini-crash. Many countries' central banks expanded their stocks of high-powered money to provide liquidity to markets as investors fled from equities and corporate bonds and to high-quality assets such as U.S. T-bills and T-bonds. A currency board is ill-equipped to handle this type of crisis. At a time when it need to increase liquidity by expanding the domestic supply of money, a currency board is likely to have domestic currency presented for conversion to the reserve currency, as international investors who fled to U.S. government securities did in the 1987 and 1989 crises. This flight reduces the stock of domestic currency as well as that part of the country's international reserves that the currency board holds. In turn, domestic banks are less willing to provide liquid assets, and depositors are more interested in holding the reserve currency directly (or liabilities of the re serve-currency country). (Jan Winiecki, 2002). A domestic monetary agency parallel to the currency board might expand liquidity, as measured by the domestic money stock, through open market operations. There may well be a flight from domestic assets to reserve currency assets. The monetary agency can preserve the exchange rate by selling reserve currency obtained from selling its own liquid holdings denominated in the reserve currency or by borrowing reserve-currency assets, either commercially from foreign banks or from the reserve-currency central bank. A small country with only a brief track record and low international holdings will likely find it difficult to preserve the exchange rate parity; a monetary agency that has the holdings and power to preserve the parity is likely also to have the power to undercut currency board discipline over monetary and fiscal policy. Disturbances to Equilibrium Real Exchange Rates Third, the currency to which the board pegs may come under pressure from output market disturbances in the reserve-currency country. An example is the pressure on the European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) after German reunification to either revalue the German mark or devalue the other ERM currencies relative to the German mark. The interpretation of the September 1992 and July-August 1993 crises in the European Monetary System is that they arose in substantial part from the reunification of Germany. German aggregate demand rose substantially more than German aggregate supply. This increase caused upward pressure on German interest rates (with some observers arguing that the increase in interest rates was exacerbated by German reluctance to use taxes rather than bond issuance to finance the

What is the globalization and impact of drug trafficking Research Paper

What is the globalization and impact of drug trafficking - Research Paper Example e international consumption increasing greatly, the people engaged in the administration have also participated in this trade forgetting about the negative impacts it imparts on the general population and hampering the future. Although in the recent years genuine efforts have been given on reducing the drug trafficking by focusing on the supply side, demand side in this paper is highlighted as a more important dimension for attaining solutions. Intensification of the term ‘globalization’ is indeed a dominant phenomenon unleashing its practicability in diversified gesture from the second half of the twentieth century to the instance we are standing today1. Technically speaking, theme of globalization encompasses around the notion that, nation states are intertwined with information exchange along with amalgamating culture, religion, tradition, business practices and so on2. Now within the domain of business perspective globalization among its multifarious dimensions imparts a significant part. Globalization has brought many opportunities but at the same time has imposed a lot of critical challenges and adverse effects. Drug trafficking is one such arena where the adverse effects of globalization has made its full interventions. Rational individuals are required to be bestowed with tasks of analyzing, understanding as well as harnessing the benefits for eliminating the negative consequences that come with it. Th e paper will be discussing the negative impacts of globalization with respect to drug trafficking (special emphasis on Latin American countries) with an attempt to find out potential solution to curb down its evil effects. From theoretical perspectives globalization can be visualized as a platform where the private organizations are operating in a global forefront with a disciplined behavior with equilibrium occurring at the intersecting point of demand and supply curves. Similarly it can be stated that the market of illicit drugs and its trafficking

Experiment of Long Term Memory Retention

Experiment of Long Term Memory Retention Abstract: The purpose of this study was to test the retention of long term memory based on retrieval environments. Our research is based on Godden and Baddeley’s (1976) study that focused on the relationship between retrieval environments and learning. The technique known as context-dependency –which is defined as â€Å"the belief that what is learnt in a given environment is best recalled in that environment† –is tested and compared to previous research (Godden Baddeley, 1975). An experiment was conducted at Foundation Campus at the University of Central Lancashire with nine international student. Enlisting a repeated measures design and laboratory method, the participants are asked to learn and recall a list of 13 words in the same environment, then they were asked to learn and recall another list of 13 words in two different locations. The results corroborate and support the context-dependency memory effect. Introduction: This experiments is about assessing the effect of retrieval environments when it comes to long term memory (LTM) recall. LTM is described as stored information that can be recalled over a long period of time –e.g. days, weeks, etc. (Merriam-Webster, (2015). Godden and Baddeley (1995) decided to conduct an experiment to test this notion –also known as context-dependency memory effect. Context-dependency memory effect is defined as â€Å"the belief that what is learnt in a given environment is best recalled in that environment† (Godden Baddeley, 1975). The aim of Godden and Baddeley’s research was to examine the association between learning and retrieval environments (Cardwell, Clark, and Meldrum, 2008:11). In order to carry out their experiment, Godden and Baddeley decided to enlist eighteen participants who were divers in Oban, Scotland (Cardwell, Clark, and Meldrum, 2008:11). Furthermore, the divers were instructed to learn a list of forty distinct words on land or, fifteen feet under water (Cardwell, Clark, and Meldrum, 2008:11). They were then asked to recall these words in a different location or in the same location (Cardwell, Clark, and Meldrum, 2008:11). Specifically, half of the divers were directed to a different location when the time came for memory recollection, while the other half remain in the same environment for memory recollection (Cardwell, Clark, and Meldrum, 2008:11). When partaking in Godden and Baddeley’s experiment, the list of 40 words were revealed to participants in groups –this all owed the divers to assume a relaxed/comfortable breathing rate in order to assure that the participants faced no obstacles when learning (Godden Baddeley, 1975). Additionally, each the list of words were revealed in blocks of three, and, the words were spaced at two second intervals (Godden Baddeley, 1975). When asked to recall, Godden and Baddeley found that â€Å"those who learned and recalled in the same location remembered the most words -12.5 on average† (Cardwell, Clark, and Meldrum, 2008:11). According to the aforementioned graph, Godden and Baddeley found that when participant learned on land an recalled the information under water, they could only recall -on average -8.6 words, while those who learned under water and recalled the words land, only remembered 8.4 words on average (Godden Baddeley, 1975). This study –based on Godden and Baddeley’s research in 1975 – will examine and delve into the connection between learning and retrieval environments. This study will utilize students with diversified ethnic backgrounds and ages. Contrary to Godden and Baddeley’s research, it will use two lists of thirteen simple words -–all within one to three syllables –in order to ensure comprehension. Aim: To examine the connection between learning and retrieval environments using Godden and Baddeley’s study on context-dependency retrieval. Hypothesis: Memory recollection in the same environment in which information was learned will yield higher recollections among participants. The hypothesis for this experiment is directional, meaning the independent variable (the retrieval location/environment) will directly affect the dependent variable (the accuracy/amount of words recalled). Method: Design A controlled laboratory experiment was utilised to elucidate a distinct cause and effect relationship between the independent and dependent variables. A controlled laboratory also enabled immense control over variables within the experiment, it also permitted unproblematic replication for future researchers and easy utilisation of equipment –e.g. videos, etc. A repeated measures design was employed in order to negate/remove differences that numerous samples would possess. Due to this design, differences in gender, linguistic ability, comprehension and age were avoided. The independent variable in this experiment was the retrieval environment or location in which the participant were asked to recall the words –i.e. the classroom or the canteen. The dependent variable was the quantity of words the participant could recall in each environment/location. A confounding variable could be the sound/noise of police cars driving past the laboratory environment. In agreement with research principles/ethics, written informed consent forms were distributed to all participants before this experiment commenced. Participants were given the right to withdraw at any time, and immense confidentiality with participant’s information and results was promised and delivered. Participants: There were ten participants –five male and four female participants. The participants were obtained from diversified backgrounds –non-native English speakers and English speakers. Participants that contributed to this experiment were between the ages of eighteen to forty-seven. An opportunity sample was enlisted for this experiment. This sample type allowed expediency when enlisting when procuring participants, it also enables replication for future research. Materials: Informed Consent (Appendix 1) Standardised Instructions (Appendix 2) Word List 1 (Appendix 3) Word List 2 (Appendix 4) Comical Video (Appendix 5) Procedure: Initially, the aforementioned materials were given to the participants. Secondly, in order to check for errors in our experiment, a pilot study was conducted to ensure validity in the experiment. After the pilot study, a classroom and canteen was procured for the experiment. A mixed-gender opportunity sample of nine individuals –ranging from 18 to 25 –was obtained and directed into the classroom. During this experiment, the participants were first given an informed consent form (Appendix 1), after signing and agreeing to the form, they were shown the standardised instructions (Appendix 2). After the standardised instructions, the participants were given a piece of paper –with â€Å"experiment 1† written on one side, and â€Å"experiment 2† written on the other side, -they were also given pens to document their answers. Firstly, the participants were then shown Word List 1 (Appendix 3), secondly, they were given one minute to study the words, then they were shown a four minute Comical Video (Appendix 6), and then they were given approximately one minute to write down the words they could recall. In the next stage of our experiment, the same participants were asked to flip their paper over, then they were given exactly one minute to study Word list 2 (Appendix 4), the participants they were asked to walk around the Vernon Building (located in the University of Central Lancashire’s campus) to a canteen. When the participants arrived at the canteen, they were promptly seated and given one minute to recall and write down the words they could recall in one minute. Results: The result of this experiment were harmonious to that of Godden and Baddeley’s in 1975. 66.67% of the participants recalled more words when their retrieval location was the same as the learning environment, while 11.11% percent of participants recalled more information when the recollection environment was not the same as the learning environment. Furthermore, 33.33% of the population recalled the same amount of words irrespective of the retrieval environment. These results were in accordance with the hypothesis and Godden and Baddeley’s research in 1975. The mean of the results was greatly corrupted by outliers with the sample’s results, in order to rectify this, the median was enlisted to portray a balanced assessment of the results. The median of recollection when the learning and recollection environments were the same is 9 words with a range of 6. When the learning and recollection were different, the median of the recollection data was 4, with a range of 9. Overall, it was quite evident that recollection in the same environment where information is learned yields better results. The results support context-dependency memory effect. Discussion: The result of this experiment were harmonies with Godden and Baddeley’s research, this fortified the immense reliability of their research, and proved that it could be replicated by others. The results of the experiment magnified the context-dependency memory effect, and supported the hypothesis: â€Å"Memory recollection in the same environment in which information was learned will yield higher recollections among participants.† A laboratory method was ideal for this experiment because it allowed for control over numerous variables, and, it permitted and enabled ease when measuring the dependent variable. Utilising a repeated measures design removed differences that individuals could possibly possess that would rob this experiment of credibility. It could also be argued that ‘the fatigue effect’ –which states that â€Å"work †¦[has] a general effect of running down the bodies limited energy supply† –adversely affected the participants recollection after walking around the Vernon Building (Hockey, 2013). Perhaps this is why only one out of the nine participants recalled more on the second experiment. The small sample size on nine indicates that this experiment is not generalizable to bigger populations. Albeit the sample had a plethora of nationalities and ages, this suggests that no definite proclamations can be made about nationality or age. Furthermore, a confounding variable could be the sound/noise of police cars driving past the laboratory environment, or, the limited linguistic ability of some participants. Any further research/study into this topic could be ameliorated by enlisting a grander sample size, or, using both locations as learning and retrieval environments; this provide a deeper insight into context-dependency memory effect. A longer list of words could also be employed to test retention in LTM. References: Cardwell, M., Clark, L. and Meldrum, C. (2008)Psychology AS For AQA A. 3rd edn. London: Harper Collins Publishers. Godden, D. R., Baddeley, A. D. (1975). Context-dependent memory in two natural environments: On land and underwater.British Journal of Psychology, 66(3), 325–331. Hockey, R. (2013) The Psychology of Fatigue: Work, Effort and Control. 1st edn. United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. Jansen, I. (2015). Charlie Chaplin The Lions Cage. [online] YouTube. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O2dmV2-zxNg [Accessed 10 Mar. 2015]. Merriam-webster, (2015). Definition of Long-term Memory. [online] Merriam-webster.com. Available at: http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/long-term memory [Accessed 6 Mar. 2015]. Appendices Appendix 1 Appendix 2 Appendix 3 Appendix 4 Appendix 5 Comical Video provided and republished by Jansen (2015). Appendix 6

Broken Lives by Estelle Blackburn :: Character Analysis, Literary Analysis

The fourth Chapter of Estella Blackburn’s non fiction novel Broken lives â€Å"A Fathers Influence†, exposes readers to Eric Edgar Cooke and John Button’s time of adolescence. The chapter juxtaposes the two main characters too provide the reader with character analyses so later they may make judgment on the verdict. The chapter includes accounts of the crimes and punishments that Cooke contended with from 1948 to 1958. Cooke’s psychiatric assessment that he received during one of his first convictions and his life after conviction, marring Sally Lavin. It also exposes John Button’s crime of truancy, and his move from the UK to Australia. The chapter â€Å"A Fathers Influence† is constructed with several techniques including selection of detail, choice of language, characterization, structure and writers point of view to reveal Blackburn’s values of social acceptance, parenting, family love, and a father’s influence. Consequently revealing her attitude that a child’s upbringing and there parents influence alter the characterization of a child significantly. Blackburn’s choice of language is impetrative in positioning the reader to see Button as the Protagonist and Cooke as the antagonist. â€Å"The thirteen year old blinked and stammered when he tried to answer the magistrate’s questions about why he was wagging school†. The words â€Å"blinked and stammered† describing buttons actions encourage sympathy and an imagery of innocence. â€Å"But now he felt vengeful too. He wanted to spoil things a little for those happy people who didn’t suffer like he did†, the words â€Å"vengeful, and wanted to spoil† associated with Cooke’s thoughts, encourage a menacing, and revengeful imagery of Cooke.

New High School Principal Essay

I agree with many of the points Prager makes in â€Å"New High School Principal: A Speech every American High School Principal should Give.† It is absolutely time for a change to return back to the values and foundation our nation was built upon. It seems as though they have been gradually lost over the years. This is especially seen in the school system of America. In my opinion, the most shocking part of the article is when Prager states, â€Å"Now, please stand and join me in the Pledge of Allegiance to the flag of our country. As many of you do not know the words, your teachers will hand them out to you.† When United States citizens do not know the words, by heart, to honor their country, we know there is a serious problem. The main problem began when our country began to incorporate every other culture into our own culture. I agree with Prager’s idea that, â€Å"Your clubs will be based on interests and passions, not blood, ethnic, racial or other physically defined ties.† If the Gay Club wants to meet, that’s fine; however, the school should not have to be responsible for supporting it. School clubs should be based on education and the expansion of knowledge that leads to advancement in classes. Nowadays, school clubs have turned into nothing more than a social get-together. â€Å"I am reorienting the school toward academics and away from politics and propaganda. No more time will devoted to scaring you about smoking and caffeine†¦ No more semesters will be devoted to condom wearing and teaching you to regard sexual relations as only or primarily a health issue.† Who doesn’t know that smoking causes cancer and other potentially life threatening diseases? Who doesn’t know that abstinence is the only real way to prevent pregnancy? This is knowledge that every high school and middle school student already knows. Time that could be put towards mathematics, science, and arts is wasted on this information because parents have failed to teach their children personal responsibility so it is now the obligation of the teachers. Before the ideas in this article can be implemented upon the school system, they must first be carried out upon society. It is essential that our country return back to the ways our forefathers intended it to be. This is one based on the virtues of honesty, integrity, responsibility, and accountability. Until someone can take a stand and actually deliver this speech to every single school across America, I unfortunately do not see any change in the future.

Amy Tans Perception of Language - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 733 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/05/28 Category Literature Essay Level High school Tags: Mother Tongue Essay Did you like this example? A difficult part about becoming accustomed to another way of life when moving to a different country also includes learning the language of the country. Also how well you learn it and how you speak it. In Mother Tongue the author uses the Ethos, Pathos, and Logos persuasion methods to pull the reader into her claims. She also seems to get into a very defensive tone. She also uses this tone to persuade the readers. Through these different strategies she explains that the language barriers have limited success and prosperity levels to non-english speaking residents. Using logic and emotion, the author can more easily show her true feelings to the reader and reach out on a more personal level to persuade the reader. In the story she says to leave ones homeland and come into anothers alone is difficult. When she left she had different expectations for when she got her. Things like happiness, wealth, and new opportunities were expected upon leaving. Only to be disappointed by realizing that they are being profiled for their ethnicity and also their native language. The author discusses her own experience with her mother in the U.S. She also states that her friends can barely understand what her mother is saying. They describe it as if she is speaking an entire different language. But, to the author her own mother would sound perfectly normal because they come from the same background. By telling how she has to go through the troubles of her friends not being able to understand her mother this leads the audience to further understand the title of th e story, Mother Tongue Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Amy Tans Perception of Language" essay for you Create order When Tanrs mother had a CAT scan done at a hospital to further evaluate her the hospital didnt seem to care about getting her results back to her because they thought she might just go away. And when the doctor finally caller her daughter, me, who spoke perfect English and behold we had assurances the CAT scan would be found, promises that a conference call on monday be held, and apologies for any suffering my mother had gone through for a most regrettable mistake (Tan) As you can see the uses emotion to persuade the reader by talking about an upsetting experience where her mothers lack of speaking the English language. If Tanrs mother would not have had Tan to speak the proper English her sickness could potentially get worse with time. This shows the pathos method by making the audience feel sympathy for Tanrs mother. Tan also tries to use different tones in the passage to express her main idea. This also keeps the reader interested. If she would have kept the same tone throughout the entire reading the readers would start to lose interest. If she would have kept the same humor about the situation that she had at the beginning of the passage, the audience would not take her as serious. They would also get bored quickly with the passage and not want to continue reading. Changing tones throughout a passage is a common, highly effective, strategy used by many writers today. Tan also stated that she felt ashamed of her motherrs limited English. Tan states I know this for a fact, because when I was growing up, My motherrs limited English limited my perception of her. I was ashamed of her English. I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say As her argument continues, Tan starts to become apologetic, this shows the reader that she found it difficult to look past her the lan guage barrier her mother had been trapped behind. As you can see, Tan successfully persuaded the reader to look at the discrimination showed to immigrants that are not as fluent in the native language in whatever country it may be. She also teaches the reader to be more considerate of others. Tan succeeds in doing this by using the Ethos, Pathos, and Logos persuasion methods. These methods also help Tan express her thoughts thoroughly. She also makes the reader feel the pain that the non-English speaking immigrants feel when they are treated different for not being fluent in a second language. To conclude, Amy Tan successfully persuaded the reader to overlook the language barriers that keep the non-English speaking immigrants of this country and all over the world from living with peace and happiness in their everyday lives.

General Law in Society - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1398 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Contents Introduction The humans and their own discipline, which protected them naturally The weaker is attacked by stronger The important characteristic of the Law of this situation My personal views on characteristic of Law in present society Conclusion Bibliography Introduction This assignment related on the subject of General Law, which I have to clarify about à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Human, are naturally protected by their own discipline. However, sometimes weaker is attacked by stronger. The law is playing a significant role in this situation.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The main determination to explain this topic is not only gets the full marks, but also explain the importance role of Law in the society while the conflicts arise. Since the human necessaries are advanced, the society has become complicated. Religious teaches the ethics of the society for resolving the conflicts, but sometimes weaker is attacked by stronger. In accordance with my personal views that is happening because of craving as well as ignorance of human beings. I hope to describe the main reasons to weaker attack by stronger as well as the importance of the Law with special reference of branches of Law, Human rights and Buddhist concepts. The humans and their own discipline, which protected them naturally Since we born our parents teach us what is right and wrong. Therefore, they are known as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Pubbacariya.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Buddha has mentioned that as following; à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Brahamati mata pitaro-Pubbacariyatiuaccareà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [1] Buddha has mentioned in the sutta that the parents are à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Mahabrahamaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [2] who become the first teacher in our life. According to the secondly and thirdly, we meet schoolteacher, friends etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in our life. Their advices can consider as the own disciplines which protect us naturally in the society. After that, we are well known about good and bad. If someones behavior with good habits he will protected by his own good deeds. Buddhism has also mentioned about that as follows. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Dhammaohave Rakkhati Dhammacarià ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [3] Therefore, most people tried to live with good because they wanted to be protected in society. Let us explain this w ith best example. I am a monk from Nepal. If I behave badly, my high priest will punish me, therefore I do not do bad deeds in society. The concept that I have that I should not do bad deeds, which have given by parents that are calling my own discipline. To conclude this subtopic if someone behaves with good discipline in the society, there are no nay chance to get punished him or get in troubles. Then let we move to next topics, where I hope to discuss the real situation in the present world. The weaker is attacked by stronger The word à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“weakerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  which has different meaning that I used to write this assignment. Here I have indicated the meaning of weaker as weak in physical, wealth, politics, education money etc. The real situation of present world looks like the rule of the jungle. According to the rule of the jungle the small animal are foods for powerful, strong animals. Deer is the meal of lion. Here lion is strong by physical power, therefo re it eats deer. However, we are human we have equal rights to live in the society. The human rights can be defined as below Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "General Law in Society" essay for you Create order The rights you have simply because you are human. A person is inherently entitled simply because she or he is a human being Although these kinds of more article indicate about the importance of human rights in the society, the crime is increasing day by day. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Everyone has rights to entitled to crime charge, full equal, fair and public hearing etc.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  [4] à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Not attack upon his honor and reputation.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [5] Although the society has mentioned these rights, the crime is increasing in the present world. The people are using their power to kill innocent people. They used the power of politicians to release from the jails. When the person becomes rich, he/she tried to run the rules of the jungle. The next discussion point will be if people are trying to run the rule of the jungle, then how does the Law become important to eradicate problems from the world. The important characteristic of the Law of this situation à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“All people are equal before the law and are entitled to equal protection of law.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [6] While the str onger people trying to establish the rule of the jungle, the Law plays an important character in the society. As I have mentioned above that everyone are equal before the law. People made a law for their protection; therefore, the law has divided into main two parts. If someone has done Murder Cheating Assault Theft Threaten Rape Smuggling is coming under the crime of a criminalà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s actions. In addition, another part is civil actions. Law of property Law of Contract Mercantile Law Law of Delist or Tort Family Law Labor or Industrial Law If anyone has done these crimes, he/she will punish by the Law. The article describes further that no citizen shall be discriminated against on the grounds of race, religion, language, caste, sex, political opinion, place of birth or any of such grounds[7]. Here the significant character of the law can be seen in this article. The criminal might be the president of the country, he will punished by the law. Therefore, when the people tried to come out with jungle rules the Law plays an exceptional role in the society. In short, Law is equal for all citizens. My personal views on characteristic of Law in present society Actually, according to my personal views the Law in modern society is an illusion. The illusion means you can see, but there is nothing in the reality. Let us discuss some usage of articles on human rights. Article 9th This talk about à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“no one shall be arrested without any reason of crime. According to these human rights, I feel that this is illusory in the society. Police arrest the innocent people and torture them to know the truth. I feel that the law is blind. Therefore, they are arresting innocent people. They might be criminals, but if they were not criminals then who will take the responsibilities of arrest and torture. Actually, we can see the Law in the society but the people has overused it, which converted to misuse. Article 10th Everyone has rights to entitled to crime charge, full equal, fair and public hearing etc. Article 11th This article talks about the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty. However, before they proved guilty the police have already hit him and forced him to accept the crime. Article 12th Not an attack upon his honor and reputation. The politicians are always doing this crime. Therefore, I asked what the meaning of having Law in the society. That is the main reasons for saying that the Law is an illusion as well as for poor people. According to the present situation, the law is similar to Matshaya Naya or the rule of the jungle. These all Law is benefits for rich people. When poor people broke the law, then that, are criminals, but for rich people it is an accident. Conclusion As a conclusion, I would mention that the law is an illusion as well as for poor people. I agree that human are naturally protected by his or her own disciplines. At that, time weaker attacked by stronger, but law will affect only those who are poor and cannot by Law. I believe that if you are stronger you are the Law in the present situation. Although the law has sold and turned into jungle rules, but somehow law plays significant roles in the society. Therefore, what I suggest is give you kind cooperation to protect law in the society. Do not try to buy it, which turns into jungle rules. Bibliography Primary Sources Sigalovada Sutta of Digha Nikaya Dhammapala Jataka Story in Jataka Pali of Khuddaka Nikaya Secondary Sources What Buddhists Believe, chapter 12, K. Sri. Dhammananda Introduce by the constitution of the democratic socialist republic of Sri Lanka à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" chapter 1, article 12/01. Introduce by the constitution of the democratic socialist republic of Sri Lanka à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" chapter 1, article 12/02 [1] Sigalovada Sutta of Digha Nikaya [2] Hindu people consider as the highest God [3] Dhammapala jataka Story in Jataka Pali of Khuddaka Nikaya [4] Article 10th [5]Article 12th [6] Introduce by the constitution of the democratic socialist republic of Sri Lanka à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" chapter 1, article 12/01. [7] Introduce by the constitution of the democratic socialist republic of Sri Lanka à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" chapter 1, article 12/02